Germany may be about to do something few believed possible: lose not just industrial output, but the industrial memory that made it Europe’s most admired manufacturing power. Since the pandemic, the country has lost nearly a quarter of a million manufacturing jobs, industrial production has fallen every year since 2022, and more than 31 per cent of industrial firms now say they are less competitive globally. Paul Hobcraft’s Intelligent Integrated Business Ecosystem (IIBE) offers a sharp way to read this. It helps explain how a country can still have world-class firms, skills and institutions, yet begin to lose the architecture that allows them to learn, align and adapt together.
Some will argue that Germany is simply going through the same shift every mature economy faces. Lower-value production moves elsewhere; higher-value engineering, design and coordination stay at home. In that reading, Germany is not declining. It is upgrading.
It is a neat story. It is also too easy.
